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PRESENTACION

"AMPHI - Theatre

are amphitheaters, theaters and in conjunction with circuses, main buildings of the Roman cities. While the theater had a use of cultural, sporting and circuses, amphitheatres were mostly propaganda items. Its location and use was decisive in what we called Romanization of the territory of Hispania, it was discovered in the ancient cities of Rome strengthens presence among his people. THEATRE Mérida amphitheater amphitheaters have

The elliptical shape with variation in the ratio of the two axes according to his ability, and a space called the arena in the center that goes into action.

The public is in the arenas around the edge and surrounding sand, viewers watch the struggles taking place in the center, but unlike the theaters, these buildings do not require good acoustics, so some may be very large and have a great capacity for spectators. However, in small populations its capacity is usually lower, in line with the amount of the public who attended the games events.

amphitheater The etymology of the name comes from the Greek amphi, "both sides" and "theater", "on both sides of the theater." "He is aware of a double stage consists of two theaters that could be raised on stilts being rotated back to back for the representation of exhibits different or face to face forming an amphitheater.

"In the year 53, according to Pliny the Elder Curio Scribonius two theaters he built wooden swivel, which could fit in a circle. In the morning they were given in these two theaters plays and then spinning on bearings, however, the public within and sheds semicircular closed to form a circle: the two scenarios and disappeared in the makeshift amphitheater held by afternoon gladiatorial tournaments. "http://www.iesalbasit.es/Trabajoroma1.pdf

These buildings are generally intended for the display of combat between gladiators, wild beasts and occasional vessels. Generally in the amphitheatres were represented three types of shows: "Munera" or fights between gladiators, "venationes" or wild animal fights and "Naumaquia" or naval engagements, the latter were more exceptional and needed space flooding sand to achieve greater verisimilitude of the show.

MERIDA AMPHITHEATER

In Spain, today, we have evidence of the existence of amphitheaters buildings placed in the ancient Roman cities of: Italica, Tarragona, Mérida, Segóbriga, Ampurias, Carmona, Cartagena, Berja Ecija, Cadiz, and Cordoba Cáparra. Are these buildings as majority accepted by scholars and specialists. Some of them remain under the current bullring, like Cartagena and Ecija and other evidence exist only as small and Cáparra Berja. Of these highlights the de Córdoba, still under excavation, was the third largest of the empire and could accommodate 30,000 people.

To date it has not proceeded to the mainstream recognition of any building of this type in northern Spain in recent years have documented the existence of these buildings in León, Lugo and Astorga and is almost certain that the city of Zaragoza counted one not yet discovered, it is common to check the widespread view among historians and archaeologists that the lack of remains of these buildings in the northwest of the peninsula is clear evidence of low Romanization process in the first century AD was the territory. It is true that this extended each day Topical collapses faster than the forgotten buildings in Rome twenty centuries ago.

has recently begun excavating the amphitheater of León, and we are awaiting decisions about Lugo and Astorga. It is significant to note that in the North of Portugal is no record of these buildings in Braga and Conimbriga, the first single from sources written, although this paper presents photographs of the location of both.

The structure of the amphitheatres, elliptical, is an archetypal pattern formed by two concentric ellipses, the interior is the arena (venue of the show) and the space between it and the outer ellipse is dedicated to spectators. They are the arenas, like their brethren the theater, built geometry exercises.

main elements that compose the structure of an amphitheater are

1. Arena (Arena) 2. Porta Triumphalis (Triumphal Gate) 3. Libitinaria Porta (Door of the Dead) 4. Podium (Podium) 5. Imma cavea (Lower Grandstand) 6. Media cavea (Grandstand half 7. Summa cavea (upper Grandstand) 8. Praecinctiones (interior aisles) 9. vomitoria (exit doors to the public) 10. Velarium (Awning)

In some cases in the center of the arena, as underground, often find bestiaria fossa, formed by longitudinal galleries were used for the cages of the animals or the deposit of the bodies of the gladiators and animals.

The arena is surrounded a podium or wall of two or three meters high, which served as a defensive barrier to protect spectators from the dangers of combat or wild animals.


The steps are divided into major buildings in three zones (lower, middle and upper) separated by corridors and stairways. In the smaller arenas the stands may have only two zones. In the stands is accessed through the "vomitoria" to communicate the access doors from the outside perimeter aisles.
In the top tier was installed the "attic" and on this lay the velarium, canopy supported by poles for protection from sun and rain from the audience.

Amphitheater